Theory of Justice Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theory of Justice Analysis - Essay Example One is known as principle of liberty and the other as principle of difference. First Principle presented by Rawls The first principle of Rawls states that each and every person has equal rights to obtain all the basic necessities of life. Moreover, everyone should be allowed to practice whatever he or she wants as long as he or she stays within the established rules and regulations. According to Rawls, citizens should have basic freedom. It is the right of every citizen to vote for anyone and to run their businesses with ease. The tradition of rich people dominating the poor ones should be written off immediately. Furthermore, it is important that the citizens must have freedom of speech and should have the right to raise their voice against any sort of injustice or corruption. It has been noticed, in unfair societies, that properties of ordinary citizens are taken by the powerful citizens through unlawful means. This is something which cannot be justified whatsoever. People should h ave the liberty to own their personal properties and live in peace without the fear of anyone. Rawl also highlighted the importance of ethics within a nation. He argued that in order to maintain peace and prosperity in a nation it is essential that people are given the ‘liberty of conscience’ (Rawls, 1971). This would avoid hatred among the citizens and everyone will be able to live happily. Second Principle presented by Rawls In the second law of justice, Rawl mentioned that the citizens should be given equal opportunities to excel and prejudice should be discouraged. The selection of a person in an organization should totally be based upon merit. This will not only give the poor people an opportunity to sustain but would also help to improve the economy of the country. This will ensure that the most skilful people are selected which will in turn lead to more efficient results in the long term. Ethical Principles Beneficence Beneficence refers to the ability to acknowl edge what is good. An ethical perspective always aims to indicate the right thing to do. The principle of beneficence also resembles the principle of utility which stresses on maximization of good. Least Harm Least Harm is very much similar to beneficence, but it deals with situations where nothing favorable or positive is possible (Barton, & Karen, 1999). For such situations, the individual must choose the option that is least harmful. From the possible options left, he should go for the thing which will harm the fewest number of people. This principle aims to minimize damage for the whole society. Respect for Autonomy This principle allows people the freedom to make decisions of their lives. People should have the liberty to express their emotions in a manner they like without harming other members of the society. Justice Justice states that all the ethical theories should be based upon equality in order to judge a person. This means that all the decisions that are made should be made without any prejudice. All the decisions must be made without differentiating on the basis of color, caste, or creed. There should be a logical justification for all the decisions taken, especially when one is found guilty (Braithwaite, 1989). Ethical Theories Deontology Deontological theories are normative theories that reflect the character of a person. These theories characterize actions as right or wrong without taking into account the consequences of those actions. Deontological the