Critically evaluate which theoretical approach in International Essay

Critically evaluate which theoretical approach in International Political Economy best explains the nature of power in the inter - Essay Example Governments have to relate with other government. Governments must also consider the non state actors if they are to have an impact in the trade and policies. Some states are influenced by liberal theories. Trade must be having some duty and tariffs. These tariffs are sources of government revenues. Mercantilists’ theory has also been instrumental in the International Political Economy. Liberalisms dates back to the revolutions in the 18th century. The mercantilist financial arrangement developed into free enterprise. They were initially termed as centrists believed there should be little state intervention in the economy. According to the liberal economic theory, states were discouraged to minimize intervention in the economy. The theory advocated for free market and believed that internal markets should have negligible intervention from the state. The theory suggested that tariffs should not be used to prevent competition between countries (Eatwell & Wright). According to Co mfort, the initial liberal market theory advocated for a free market approach and was referred to as left wing or centrist in terms of outlook (Agh 1998). The liberal theory was enshrined on the premise that people can acquire wealth and property whenever they want. The basis was that freedom in culture and belief was influential in developing capital and gaining property. According to Wright, states, individuals and businesses were encouraged to freely gain capital under the liberal theory. The classical liberal approach suggested that free market should come up with system of setting the process of goods and services. The theory set currency exchanges and wages and resources. The move depended on sheer optimism in the free market (Smith 2003). However, it became clear that fluctuations in the free market have caused serious consequences politically and economically. This has resulted in unemployment and poverty. This has made international competition hard. Governments have attemp ted to deal with this challenge by establishing strict tariffs on goods. Governments have attempted to set up welfare or subsidizing businesses and industries. According to Harvey, tariffs and restricting trade were the foundation and reasoning behind the capitalist premise. The theory suggests that the government should be involved in restricting trade and controlling the flow of goods and services. The government does this in an attempt to reduce the challenges that are created by international competition (Ambrose & Brinkley 1997). The government believes that the use of tariffs shields the populace from international trade aggression and becomes a dominant source of revenue. During the 19th century, the theory of broadmindedness was the popular in IPE. Britain dominated the global trade by lifting restrictions. This facilitated Britain’s spread in the international trade arena (Smith 2003). The liberal theory of the power of international political economy seemed unassail able. According to research, the economic elites in many developing countries had no reservations in playing subordinates because they made profits in the process. Nonetheless, steps were made to start restricting trade. The initial moves came from the United States of America and Germany. The United Kingdom started to doubt the free market venture. After the First World War, the prominence of the liberal theory appeared to decline in the sphere of international

Summary of Intervierw Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary of Intervierw - Assignment Example Riffle, noted that she had to carry out her roles in a certain way. As a coordinator, one has to ensure that they have a Master’s of Science, Development and cognitive disabilities and a Bachelor’s degree in Arts. In addition, it is necessary to have eight years of experience as a teacher teaching special education students. Like most Special Needs Coordinators in campuses, getting one year training as a NISD special Education Coordinator is critical. As a coordinator with such qualification, it is easier to manage special needs students if a coordinator has the skills and the qualifications (Wearmouth, 2013). In addition, parents are more likely to trust experienced professionals with their special needs children (Westwood, 2010). It is not only any special needs children that qualify for the programs, but those who are visually and emotionally impaired. Additionally, those with orthopedic, speech and auditory impairments are also included. Students with traumatic brain injuries and learning and intellectual disabilities are also qual ified. To admit these students into the special needs programs in the school, they have to do tests to check their adaptive behavior, cognitive and language skills (Wearmouth, 2008). Earlier tests used in special education schools were not suitable when it came to testing students with special needs (Frederickson & Cline, 2009). However, today, it is the work of the General Education Teacher to refer the students to the tests, but a Licensed Specialist in School Psychology (LSSP) carries out the testing. For the school district to get the testing process done, they have to follow the Federal timelines. The Full Individual Evaluation (FIE) or The Admission, Review and Dismissal (ARD) meetings where the parents of the students, special and general education teachers are present are a requirement. Without these meetings, it would not be possible to admit students without allowing the Admission, Review and Dismissal (ARDC) to

Asian Stereotypes Essay Example for Free

Asian Stereotypes Essay Stereotypes play a significant role in the lives of many individuals. Stereotypes can be hurtful and they can be helpful. Eric Liu combats Asian stereotypes and his own thoughts of inferiority with a conscious strategy of assimilation that leads to further the spread of Asian American stereotypes and the loss of his own individuality. When someone finds him or herself in an unfamiliar place, they tries to adapt to the surroundings by blending in. Liu believes that the way to make it in America is to achieve whiteness (148). Liu believes to be successful one must [bleach] out the marks of a darker, dirtier past and assimilate (148). When Eric Liu assimilated he was considered by whites to be an honorary white. He was called an honorary white because by all standards besides his skin; he was considered white and with that consideration came privileges that may not have been extended to him otherwise. Liu was called a banana (yellow on the outside white on the inside) by other Asians, and was portrayed as a traitor by his own culture and family for embracing the power that comes from white people and their tendencies. Liu was looked down upon and was not completely by either race. Many people hate being considered part of a stereotype and sometimes act irrationally just to be set apart from the stereotype. The strategy that Liu used to get away from the Asian American stereotype was by acting completely being to total opposite of what Asians are known for. Asians are stereotypically know for being very good at math and science, so Liu decided that he would study history. He lifted weights and went to the Marine officer candidate school to prove that he was not lacking any physical or metal strength. However, Liu states that by working so to defy stereotypes, I became a slave to it. For to act self-consciously against Asian ? tendencies is not to break loose from the cage of myth and legend; it is to turn the very key that locks you inside (151). By defying Asian American stereotypes Liu was feeding the stereotype of the typical Asian, waspy Yale student. In collage Liu used what he had absorbed and learned growing up about the white culture to survive and thrive. Additionally, Liu speaks of a Korean boy at the Asian American Student Association booth who merely offered an introduction. Liu put his name on a mailing list so not to look impolite, but Liu had already decided not to be active in any Asian-only associations. His actions were fueled by a fear imbedded in and shared by many immigrants that they may be primarily known for their culture and thus written off. Liu reacts by not going out of his way to make Asian friends or get involved in Asian groups. The reason Liu gave him self for not getting involved in any Asian groups was that he didnt want to be a part of a clique, that [he] didnt want to get absorbed and lose [his] individuality (150). The problem is that by not embracing his own culture he is actually destroying and hurting his individuality. Liu wanted to change himself so that he would have no aspects of the typical Asian but by doing so he is losing what makes him different and unique. By changing looks, acts, and what he even studies, Liu is just proving that judgung someone by their race alright and acceptable. Liu is hindering the expansion of accepting someone for who he or she ise not what they look like, talk like or where they come from. One of the great civil rights activist Rosa Parks decided to show people through a non-violent demonstration that the discrimination of African Americans based on the color of their black skin was wrong. One day she sat in the front of the bus designated for white people, and refused to give up her seat in the front of the bus to a white man and was sent to jail. Rosa Parks could have moved to the back of the bus and further prolonging black persecution, but she decided to stay and sit. She wanted people to know that judging people on the color of their skin is wrong. Furthermore, if someone believes that he or she is at a disadvantage, he or she will try to find other aspects that will gain back lost ground. If a football player is trying out for a team and he knows he is not very good at caching the ball, the player will work extra hard to have a speed advantage over the other players so that he can still draw the attention of the coaches. Liu not only believed that he was inferior to whites but that he deficient to every race: I believed that I lacked the connections, the wealth, the experience, the sophistication that so many of my classmates seemed to have(151). Liu saw the power that whites have in this country, and as Liu began to blend into white, middle-class America, he saw that [he] was actually beginning to ? make it. Lius acceptance to Yale led to many other privileged experiences. Extracurriculars opened the door to an alumni internship, which brought [him] to Capital Hill, which led to a job and a life in Washington after commencement (151). By almost any standards of American society, Liu would be considered elite and one of the privileged. There is never one way to get something done or get somewhere. To think there is one way and one way only is a very squid and narrow-minded way of thinking. Once one has achieved ones goal, he or she may think of many things that one could have done differently and recognize things you did that were not smart. Liu realizes that the straightening path [he] took was not the only or even the best path he could have taken to achieve his goals (151). When dealing with race one does not accept or reject everything about ones race. Finding a happy medium and looking at everything objectively is the key. Liu states that [he] could have spared [himself] a great deal of heartache had [he] understood this earlier (151). Liu realizes that the way to success is to blend in to the whites race. He sees the power that white people hold and tries to adapt. Liu tries to change himself so that he will not give off any aspects of the typical Asian American. After Liu assimilates he starts to reap the benefits of a honorary white. Liu gets into a good school and gets a good job but all at the price of his individuality.

How are Religion and Culture Connected?

How are Religion and Culture Connected? The aspect of religion and culture is what shapes the lives of all humans, whither they are believers or not. Whole nations have dress codes to keep to their religious values. Government officials are elected upon their views of certain religious and culturist views such as abortion. Even wars between two stable governments can be initiated because of the differences in religious beliefs. The Hebrew religious culture is the most influential ancient culture to the modern world. The Hebrew culture was solely centered upon religion. The one main literature item modern scholars have to study from this nation was the Torah. The Torah also known as the Pentateuch is the main source of the Hebrew government and everyday living situations. The Pentateuch consists of five books. The first book is Genesis. Genesis consists of the early history of the world and how certain questions such as how the earth was formed and where the first humans came from. The second book, Exodus, explains how the Hebrews escaped bondage from Egypt and ended up into Jerusalem area for which the Israelites name came from. Leviticus, the next book, is a book of laws. Leviticus teaches the Hebrew nation which meats to eat, how to clean and what is clean, property rights and rules, and regulations of worship. These principles directed Israelites of the past how to live their everyday lives. After Leviticus is Numbers; Numbers is a record of all the tribes of Judah (which there were twelve). The record was like a modern census of the tribes as they traveled through out the wilderness as they left Egypt to the Promised Land. The final book of the Torah is Deuteronomy. Deuteronomy is known as the second law. This final book is a collection of Moses (the Hebrew that led the Israelites out of Egypt) last sermons. These five books are what formed and shaped Hebrew culture as the tribes moved throughout the Middle East in the ancient times. The Jewish tribes were nomadic and were shepherds of their flocks during biblical times. Throughout the Bible, references were made to God being the shepherd to his flocks below. The shepherd lifestyle impacted the literature in the Bible. Since the Hebrew culture was influenced by a nomadic lifestyle, senses were used in concrete thought. Jeff A. Benner states what concrete thought was like for the Israelite community: All five of the senses are used when speaking and hearing and writing and reading the Hebrew language. An example of this can be found in Psalms 1:3; He is like a tree planted by streams of water, which yields its fruit in season, and whose leaf does not wither. In this passage we have concrete words expressing abstract thoughts, such as a tree (one who is upright, righteous), streams of water (grace), fruit (good character) and an unwithered leaf (prosperity). With the Greek abstract culture coming down from the north, the Hebrew concrete belief slowly faded away. The Hebrews most powerful time was the reins of King David and Solomon (1005-925 B.C.E.). After King Solomon passed away, the kingdom became a warring nation. Outside influences and rulers kept seeping into the Hebrew nation. In 586 B.C.E., Cyrus captured Jerusalem and transported the Jews out of their holy land. Eventually they came back to their land. Then the Greeks came and Alexander the Great brought with him the Greek culture. Then the Romans conquered Israel and brought their culture. Slowly the Hebrew culture was lost. Even though the cultures concrete thought faded away, the religious influence did not. The Hebrew religious cultures greatest attribute to modern cultures is the creation of Christianity and Islam. Christianity is based on the Old Testament prophecies of the Messiah for which would deliver the Israelites. Around 4 B.C.E., a child was born from a virgin according to the Bible. This childs name was Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus was Gods son and the Messiah for which was going to become the King of the Jews. Jesus started teaching his fathers words and spread the good news. Jesus was then crucified and buried. After three days he resurrected from his death. Christianity is based upon Jesus life and teachings. His main points are love God with all your heart, all your mind, and all your soul, and love your neighbor as just as Jesus loved human kind. Christians believe that one day he will come back to earth from Heaven and judgment day will come onto earth. Christianity has played a major role in government over the last two millenniums. After becoming the sole religion of the Roman Empire, Christianity became the dominant religion of Europe. Many nations became one under God. Today, United States, the most powerful nation in the world, has One Nation under God in the national pledge and printed its currency. With Christianity being a major influence of government officals, the religion has caused several wars, mainly against Islamic nations. Islam was founded by Muhammad around 622 A.D. in the Middle-East. With a background of the Bible, Muhammad spoke of how the Jews corrupted the bible. So he wrote the Quran. The Quran is the words for which Gabriel, one of the arc angels, translated Gods words to Muhammad. Muhammad then started the Islamic religion. Same as Christianity, Islam has made a major impact on the worlds government and people. The Islamic nation spread over Northern Africa, Spain, Eastern Europe, the Middle-East and some of Asia. With the spread of the religion, the foods, spices, and technologies of these areas spread throughout the world. As Islam spread throughout Europe, sparks began to create a fire between Christians and Muslims (another word the Islamic people). The Islamic nations conquered Jerusalem, a Christian holy city, and started advancing towards Constantinople around the late first millennium. These advances ignited the Christian Crusades. The Christian Crusades were missions to free Spain and Jerusalem from Islamic rule. The war between Christians and Muslims continued for centuries and never really rested. Recently on September 11, 2001, Islamic terrorist flew two airplanes into New York Citys World Trade Center. This act by the terrorist started the War on Terrorism between the Allies and the terrorist with America leading the Allies. As the War has slowly dwindled down, old tensions of these religions have kindled old flames. Whither the two religions have any more negative feelings toward each other than did before, they became more aware of each other. With similar Hebrew backgrounds, these two religions have changed the face of this earth for all time. Though Hebrew culture mainly lives through Christianity and Islam, small institutes still keep the Israelite culture in touch with the modern world. Founded in 1892, the mission of the American Jewish Historical Society is to foster awareness and appreciation of the American Jewish heritage and to serve as a national scholarly resource for research through the collection, preservation and dissemination of materials relating to American Jewish history. The American Jewish Historical Society is the oldest national ethnic historical organization in the United States. The Societys library, archives, photograph, and art and artifacts collections document the American Jewish experience. The Hebrew state was a small population and ruled over a small area. From this small region, a powerful influence on todays society and cultures of many different countries has been formed.

The Reluctant Fundamentalist Essay -- Ethical Issues, Religious Fanati

Fundamentalism is a strict adherence to a set of ideas or beliefs that are conservative in nature. It is a pejorative term usually associated with religious fanaticism. Usually, this is what comes to mind when there is mention of a fundamentalist. However, in Mohsin Hamid's The Reluctant Fundamentalist starring the protagonist Changez, a Pakistani Princetonian who is a top-ranked employee at a prestigious New York valuation firm, turns out not to be an Islamic fundamentalist, but a reluctant fundamentalist of US Capitalism. Hamid challenges readers to reevaluate their preconceived notions and prejudices of people different from themselves in post 9/11 America by employing the use of motifs, aphorism, and suspense, to create a conflation of corporate culture and violence in the form of an allegorical frame story. This story not only proves relevant in historical contexts pertaining to the United States and their involvements in past wars, but also in contemporary settings, as in the current ongoing wars. Simply put, history repeats itself. The story takes place within the span of a day, as Changez approaches an American in the district of Old Anarkali in Lahore, Pakistan. He invites the American to have tea with him, which eventually leads into dinner and continues on into the late evening while he recounts the events of his life which has led up to their fated encounter. The story is told in the second-person narrative, meaning the voice of the American is never heard, but his reactions are implied and guided by Changez. In this way, the audience plays an interactive part in the story, enabling the reader to identify with both parties and make judgements about the outcome of the story. The author constantly plays with the idea... ... by the hand. But why are you reaching into your jacket, sir? I detect a glint of metal. Given that you and I are now bound by a certain shared intimacy, I trust it is the holder of your business cards† (Hamid 184). And with that, the author leaves us with a cliffhanger, for us to determine the ending however we see fit. Hamid has made clear that ideas and truths are all relative, that people should actively search for answers, instead of believing everything they are told. His characters allowed us to exercise our intuitions in search of hidden truths, and mostly to reaquaint ourselves with the elusive, common sense. The aphorism, focus on the fundamentals, is accentuated even further by the suspenseful ending and challenges us to ponder the wisdom of the story, when we consider whether or not the fully-bearded Changez has become another type of fundamentalist.

Planning a Karaoke Party :: Process Essays

You're sitting at home planning a party. You've got your list of invitees down. A cupboard full of chips and dips, and a cooler full of beer. You go to your computer and start putting together some mix Cd's of your favorite music. As you gather the songs you notice yourself singing along with one, and your eyes widen, lit up as you a struck with an idea. "I should have Karaoke at my party!" Brilliant! What could be more fun that a Karaoke party? The answer: a lot of things, if you're not careful! While Karaoke is a pass time enjoyed by people of every age, race and gender, it's also something you have to be in the mood for. So what happens if people show up to your party and aren't in the mood for Karaoke? Get them in the mood. There are three basic steps to throwing an amazing Karaoke party, and it all starts with invitations. Step 1: Inviting your guests With any luck, everyone at your party will have a blast, but do you know who won't? The people who don't show up! Karaoke is always fun with a good sized crowd, but if you aren't careful, you may loose half of your guests. It's all about how you present your invitation. There are two different types of people you will be inviting to the party; people who love karaoke, and people who like karaoke. The difference is this... People who LOVE karaoke - Make sure they know this is a karaoke party! This will be the smaller of the two types, but they are also the most important. They will go out of their way to attend, and you will need them during the party. People who LIKE karaoke - The easiest way to help ensure they will come is to avoid mentioning karaoke, and just tell them you are having a party. Why? While it is true that they enjoy karaoke, if they realize your party will focus around this activity, come party day they may think, "I'm not really in the mood." With people who just like karaoke, this can often be the case, and the number of people attending can make or break a party. Step 2: The supplies First and foremost is the karaoke machine. RENT ONE! Unless you own a professional karaoke machine, you should get one. This might seem a little expensive, if you buy yourself a cheap one and then try to supply yourself with a good selection of music, you'll end up spending a lot more, and getting a lot less.

Financial Research Report: Google Essay

The paper will analyze a corporation to determine whether a financial advisor should recommend the company to an investor. The paper will, first, give the company background. Second, the paper will discuss the type of investor the company would appeal to. Third, the paper will go over the financial health of the company. Fourth, after analyzing the financial information, the paper will discuss the company risk. Fifth, the paper will discuss final recommendations as to whether the company is the right fit for the investor. Company Information Google, Incorporated was originally a search engine company founded in 1998 by Larry Page and Sergey Brin (Google, n.d.). The company went public in 2004 and has since broadened their horizons in the amount of products and services they offer. According to Alexa, a website analytics program, Google.com is ranked #1 popular website in the U.S. and in the world. Google currently has a vast number of products and services that people use daily. Google has stated that the have â€Å"Over 1 billion users per week. Over 100 billion searches per month. Over 1 billion Android activations. Over 1 billion YouTube users per month† (Mohan, 2014). Some popular Google products are: Google.com – A search engine Google+ – A social sharing site Gmail – Webmail Google Chrome – A web browser Google Play Store – A digital application distribution platform for Android Google Play Music – A platform to upload music and share music on Android devices YouTube – A website to share music Google Maps – A digital navigation system to find local businesses and residential areas Android Software – Operating software for mobile devices Google Wallet – An application that allows the user to shop online with payment cards Picasa – Application that organizes, edits and shares photos (Mohan, 2014) Google believes in innovation and is constantly trying to evolve with the mission of people using Google products in all aspects of their lives. Some products the company is currently working on are: Google Smart Watch – Wearable computers that connect to the user’s mobile devices Google Glass – Glasses that act as a computer and connect to the user’s mobile devices Google Fiber – A device used to provide users with faster, more reliable internet service Project Loon – A means of internet service through balloons as opposed to cables and telephone lines Google Home Automation – A smart home service where the homeowner can control the home through mobile devices Google Smart Contact Lens – A contact lens that can monitor glucose levels for diabetics Google Self-Driving Car – A car that can drive by itself with robotics technology Chrome Tablet – A mobile tablet with Android software  (Amadeo, 2014). Currently, Larry Page, one of the founders of the company, is CEO of the company. He has graced Forbes Magazine’s Most Powerful People list twice at #17 in 2013 and #20 in 2012, Forbes 400 Richest People in America Category at #13, and Forbes World’s Billionaires list at #20 in 2013 and #13 in the United States (Forbes, 2013). This young mogul has a net worth of $24.9 billion dollars (Forbes, 2013). With his vision he helped turn a 2 person operation to a business with over 30,000 employees worldwide. (Google, n.d.) He helped expand Google from merely being a search engine to creating computer software, phones and making way for new technology such as driverless cars and teleport machines. Larry Page’s management style can be described as someone who is running his business like a startup. He believes in innovation and staying ahead of his competition. As a technology based company, you are only as good as your next big idea. Page encourages his employees to thin k of crazy ideas and cultivate the best of them. â€Å"When no one else is crazy enough to do it, you have little competition,† he says. (Elmer, 2011). Investor Profile The client is a young investor. She is interested in seeing her money grow over 10 – 15 years. She is a multi-millionaire and has the desire to be an  aggressive investor. She wants to accumulate a substantial amount of wealth in the future and is open to investing in a start- up company. Though the company has been around for approximately 16 years, Google is run like a start-up company and is relatively young compared to some of its competitors (i.e.: Microsoft and Apple). The company is always trying to reinvent itself with a diverse portfolio of products and services. They spend a lot of money on research and development to cultivate innovation and improve their products already on the market. Google does not pay stockholders dividends. It uses the dividend money for R&D, data centers, legal issues and diversification (Rosoff, 2012). Since the client is not interested in an instant money maker and can afford fluctuations in the market, Google may be a good fit for her to invest in. Financial Data The financial advisor must use a number of ratios to determine the financial health of the company. Five ratios what will be used are current ratios, quick ratio, earnings per share, price earnings ratio, and debt to equity ratio. Current Ratios Current ratios give the investor the opportunity to see the company’s ability to pay back its short-term liabilities with its short-term assets (Current Ratios, n.d.). The higher the current ratio, the more capable the company is to pay back its debts which would be great for a bank lender. But a high current ratio could also mean the company has a lot tied up in nonproductive assets (Brigham & Ehrhardt, p. 99, 2014). Current ratios are determined by dividing total assets by total liabilities (Brigham & Ehrhardt). 201120122013  52,758 / 8,913 = 5.960,454 / 14,337 = 4.272,886 / 15,908 = 4.6 Companies generally aim for a ratio of 1 to ensure their current assets can at least cover the short term obligations. Having a ratio greater than 1 gives the company a better contingency to be able to cover those obligations. The company started out with a high current ratio of 5.9 in 2011. This means, in 2011, the company was able to cover 5.9 times their short term obligations. It dropped down to 4.2 in 2012, but rose by .4  points in 2013. The drastic fluctuation may be due to the acquisition of Motorola Mobile in 2011 (Goldman, 2012). Both current assets and current liabilities would increase due to the increase of inventory and debt. The technology industry average current ratio is 2.33 (Reuters, n.d.). For all three years, the current ratio is almost twice the industry’s average. Due to the high current ratio, the company is not at risk of bankruptcy. Quick Ratios Quick ratios tell the investor what the company’s liquidity position is or how quickly it can be converted to cash at the going market price (Brigham & Ehrhardt). To calculate quick ratios the formula is current assets minus inventories divided by current liabilities. 201120122013 52,758 – 35 /8,913 = 5.960,454 – 505 / 14,337 = 4.272,886 – 426 /15,908 = 4.6 As of 2013, the current technology industry quick ratio average is 1.26 (Technology Sector, 2014). The past three years has been higher than the industry average. The higher the quick ratio in comparison to the industry average shows that the company is less likely to be overwhelmed by debt in the near future. A higher ratio is safer than a lower one because it means the company has excess cash. This is a favorable consideration for an investor. Prior to 2011, Google, Inc. did not have any inventories listed on their balance sheets. Google started as a search engine in 1998 and have provided technology services that did not require inventory. In 2011, Google acquired Motorola Mobility, taking it from a strictly software company to a software and hardware company (Goldman, 2012). This puts Google in direct competition with technology companies such as Apple, Inc. and Microsoft, Corp. In partnership with HTC and Samsung, Google has created their line of Nexus smartphones and tablets. They also have Google Glass that is expected to launch for consumer purchase by the end of 2014 as well as the Google Smart Watch. Other items Google is working on for the near future are the self-driving car, Project Loom, and Google Home Automation. Total Assets Turnover Ratio Total assets turnover ratio determines how productive the company is. It shows how much revenue the company generates for each dollar in assets.  Total assets turnover ratio is calculated by dividing total revenue from the income statement by total assets from the balance statement. 201120122013 37,905 / 72,574 = 0.5250,175 / 93,798 = 0.5359,825 / 110,920 = 0.54 The average turnover ratio for Google is 0.53. This means for every dollar worth in assets, the company generates 53 cents in revenue. Some companies have less assets than others, in which the total assets turnover ratio will be lower than a more assets-intensive company. Google is primarily a service related company, so it has less assets than the majority of its competitors who produce a vast number of products. Some of Google’s most popular products are the Google search engine, Google+, Gmail, Google Maps, Google Play Store, Android software, and YouTube. The company does not require as many physical assets. The technology industry total assets turnover ratio is 1.07 (Reuters, n.d.). Though Google’s ratio is lower than the industry average, it is not necessarily a bad thing considering most technology based companies sell a physical product and Google mainly sells services, thus less assets than its competitors. Debt to Equity Debt to equity ratio is a leverage ratio which explains how much of the company’s assets are financed by debt and stockholders’ equity. The debt to equity ratio is calculated by dividing the total debt by the total common equity. The total debt is determined by adding current liabilities with long term debt. 201120122013 14,429 / 58,145 = .2522,083 / 71,715 = .3123,611 / 87,309 = .27 From the three years, the average debt to equity ratio is .28. This ratio translates that Google has 28 cents of debt for every dollar of equity. The technology industry average is 31 cents. The lower number is more favorable because it shows that the company is less risky. The lower numbers indicate that the company relies on less external lenders than other companies. In 2012, the ratio increased by .06. In May 2012, Google, Inc. completed its acquisition of Motorola Mobility in which it acquired the company’s debts as well as its assets. The following year, Google may have paid some of the debt. Stockholders’ equity increased by having a significant increase in retained earnings. Retained earnings are part of the net income that goes back into  the company instead of the company distributing dividends to the stockholders (Brigham & Ehrhardt, p. 1114, 2014). Net Profit Margin Net profit margin measures a company’s profitability. The net profit margin is calculated by dividing the net income by sales. This ratio can determine if a company earns enough money to cover its operating costs. If it does not, the company could eventually shut down which would make it a bad investment. 201120122013 9,737 / 37,905 = .2610,737 / 50,175 = .2112,920 / 59,825 = .22 Based on the past three years, Google’s profit margin dropped by 5% between 2011 and 2012. It slightly increased by 1% between 2012 and 2013. In all three years, the profit margins were higher than the technology industry averages for those years. In 2011, the industry average was 19%; in 2012, the industry average was 16%; and in 2013, the industry average was 19% (Profitability Analysis, 2014). If the company’s net profit margin is higher than the industry’s profit margin, it is a good investment. Company Risk Level Based on the financial analysis for Google, the company has a low risk level based on the industry’s averages. The current ratio average for the technology industry is 2.33. Google’s average is 4.9. This means that the company has a contingency to be able to take care of their short-term obligations over twice the industry average. The industry average for quick ratios is 1.26. Google’s quick ratio average over the past 3 years is 4.9. This shows that the company is least likely to be overwhelmed by debt in the future compared to its competitors. The average turnover ratio for Google is .53 indicating that for every dollar the company has in assets, it generates 53 cents. This is a low number mainly because the company has a low amount of assets unlike its competitors. Google is mainly a service company and does not have a vast number of assets like its competitors that produce products such as tablets, phones, computers, etc. The technology industry’s average for debt to equity is 31. Google’s debt to equity average is 28. This means that there is 28 cents of debt for every dollar of equity. The lower number is more favorable because it means that the  company depends less on external lenders. The industry’s profit margin average was 18%. Google’s profit margin average over the course of the past three years was 23%. This shows that compared to most of its competitors, it is generating more of a profit. A company’s â€Å"beta† measures the company’s volatility in the stock market. A company’s beta depends on how much the company fluctuates within the market. The stock market itself has a beta of 1.0 (McClure, 2012). Anything above 1.0 is considered risky. Anything below 1.0 is considered more stable.According to Yahoo Finance, Google has a beta of 1.14. This means it is 14% above the stock market average and is considered a risky investment. Though the company is considered risky, it has the potential for high returns. The downfall of betas is that they only calculate what happened in the past. Its assessment does not calculate for the future of the company. Recommendations Despite the market risk of the technology based company, Google has shown growth over the past year. According to the Financial Post, Google’s shares have risen 58% in 2013. In January 2014, the company’s stock rose U.S. $2.37 to U.S. $1,141.23 (Ratner, 2014). Of the 48 analysts covering Google, 35 of them recommend buying the stock whereas 13 of them recommend holding it (Ratner, 2014). Google maintains a strong position in the driving the market share on online advertising in the mobile and video departments. The company has strong control over four pillars of the mobile department: operating system, apps, app store, and payment. YouTube is a leading advertising and video sharing medium. Unlike its competitors, Google has had a steady 20% growth annually (Ratner, 2014). Under the direction of CEO Larry Page, the company constantly improves already existing products as well as produce innovative products. Larry Page wants to make Google a household name so that a person would need to use Google products several times throughout the course of their day. Currently, Google has well over 100 products that, in some cases, have become a necessity in everyday life. There are a number of phones and tablets that have been uploaded with Android software as an operating system. Google’s search engine has become so increasingly popular that when a person wants to do a web search on a topic they simply â€Å"Google it†. The website has become the #1 site globally and nationally according to Alexa.com. YouTube is a popular video website  where people upload everything from home videos, tutorials, music videos, and ad campaigns. Also, one of the most reliable mobile navigation applications is Google Maps. The company is constantly updating its maps to provide better locations and directions. The company has a number of future products that will diversify their product portfolio. For example, Google Glass is a mobile device used as glasses which is like a personal computer or tablet and also interfaces with the consumer’s mobile phone. So far the product is generating a lot of attention with the public. Google is also working on the driverless car, Google Contacts, Project Loom, Google Fiber, and the Google Home Automation. Google is expanding their spectrum from a search engine and mobile apps to automobiles, health care, the internet, and home security. All of these projects show a promising future for the company. For an aggressive investor who does not mind investing in a risky company and is looking to invest for the long-term, Google is a good investment to have. The company has seen a consistent increase in growth and has shown financial stability over the years. Google does not pay stockholders dividends but companies that have a high risk, have the ability to have larger payouts in the long run. Resources Alexa. (2014). Google, Inc. Retrieved from http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/google.com Amadeo, R. (2014, February 10). The 2014 Google Tracker – Everything We Know Google Is Working On This Year. ARS Technica. Retrieved from http://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2014/02/the-2014-google-tracker-everything-we-know-google-is-working-on-this-year/ Brigham, E. & Ehrhardt, M. (2014). Financial Management (14th ed.). Mason, Oh. Cengage Learning. Current Ratios. (2014). Investopedia. Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/currentratio.asp Elmer, V. (2011, April). What Would Larry Page Do? Leadership Lessons from Google’s Doyen. CNN Money Online. Retrieved from http://management.fortune.cnn.com/2011/04/18/what-would-larry-page-do-leadership-lessons-from-googles-doyen/ Forbes (n.d.). In Forbes.com. Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/profile/larry-page/# Goldman, D. (2012, May 22). Google Seals $13 Billion Motorola Buy. CNN Money. Retrieved from http://money.cnn.com/2012/05/22/technology/google-motorola/ Google. (n.d.). Company Overview. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/intl/en/about/company/ Mahesh, M. (2014, January 28). Over 101 Google Products and Services You Probably Don’t Know. Retrieved from http://www.minterest.org/google-products-services-you-probably-dont-know/ McClure, B. (2012, August 7). Beta: Know The Risk. Investopedia. Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/articles/stocks/04/113004.asp Profit Analysis. (2014). Stock Analysis On Net. Retrieved from http://www.stock-analysis-on.net/NASDAQ/Company/Google-Inc/Ratios/Profitability Ratner, J. (2014, January 9). â€Å"Why Google, Inc. is a ‘Must Own’ Tech Stock†. Financial Post. Retrieved from http://business.financialpost.com/2014/01/09/why-google-inc-is-a-must-own-tech-stock/?__lsa=389e-8727 Reuters. (n.d.). Technology Overview. Retrieved from http://www.reuters.com/assets/curtainMainContentLoader?view=RSM-US-Curtain-MainConte nt-Sector-Technology Rosoff, M. (2012, April 12). Why Google Would Be Nuts To Declare A Dividend Now. Business Insider. Retrieved from http://www.businessinsider.com/why-google-would-be-nuts-to-declare-a-dividend-2012-4 Technology Sector. (2014). CSI Market. Retrieved from http://csimarket.com/Industry/industry_Financial_Strength_Ratios.php?s=1000 Yahoo Finance. (2014, June 13). â€Å"Google, Inc.† Retrieved from http://finance.yahoo.com/q/ks?s=GOOG+Key+Statistics